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Identification\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0RFID\uff09\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5229\u7528\u5c04\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u975e\u63a5\u89e6\u5f0f\u53cc\u5411\u901a\u4fe1\u4ea4\u6362\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u8fbe\u5230\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684RFID\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709MIT Oxygen \u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u53d1\u7684Cricket \u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7684SpotON\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f\u516c\u53f8\u7684 RADAR \u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u3002RFID\u6280\u672f\u4f20\u8f93\u8303\u56f4\u5927\u3001\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u4f46\u4f5c\u7528\u8ddd\u79bb\u77ed\uff0c\u6700\u957f\u53ea\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u7c73\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5c04\u9891\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u901a\u4fe1\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u5c04\u9891\u8bc6\u522b\u6280\u672f\u662f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u8f85\u52a9\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u624d\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n 6\uff09\u60ef\u6027\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n \u5229\u7528\u60ef\u6027\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5982\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u3001\u9640\u87ba\u4eea\u7b49\u6d4b\u91cf\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u52a0\u901f\u5ea6\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u79ef\u5206\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\u6216\u8005\u57fa\u4e8e\u822a\u4f4d\u63a8\u6d4b\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5404\u79cd\u8fd0\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u7269\u4f53\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u884c\u8d70\u65f6\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u60ef\u6027\u5bfc\u822a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u8bef\u5dee\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7d2f\u79ef\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6570\u636e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0eGNSS\u6280\u672f\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u8fdb\u884c\u8f85\u52a9\u5bfc\u822a\uff0c\u5728\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u6709\u6548\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8f85\u52a9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n 7\uff09\u57fa\u7ad9\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n \u4ece\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u3001\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684 LTE \u7b2c\u56db\u4ee3\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5229\u7528\u57fa\u7ad9\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5927\u5927\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002Ingensand andBitzi\u8bba\u8ff0\u4e86\u57fa\u7ad9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u91c7\u7528Cell-ID\u3001RSSI\u6307\u7eb9\u3001RSSI\u6d4b\u8ddd\u3001AOA\u3001TOA\u3001TDOA\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u52a3\u3002Varshavsky\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u7ad9\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684RSSI\u6307\u7eb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\u6536\u96c6\u591a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u533a\u5206\u5efa\u7b51\u7269\u7684\u697c\u5c42\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u80fd\u8fbe\u52302~4 m\uff0c\u4f46\u53d7\u57fa\u7ad9\u8f93\u51fa\u529f\u7387\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6307\u7eb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e76\u4e0d\u9002\u7528\u4e8eCDMA\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u57fa\u7ad9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u3001\u5ba4\u5916\u5e7f\u57df\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u90fd\u80fd\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u666e\u9002\u5316\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4e0e\u57fa\u7ad9\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n 8\uff09WiFi\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n \u8fd1\u5e74\u6765WiFi\u6280\u672f\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u57ce\u5e02\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u5171\u573a\u6240\u5982\u5927\u578b\u8d85\u5e02\u5546\u573a\u3001\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u4f01\u4e1a\u7b49\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5e7f\u6cdb\u90e8\u7f72WiFi\u3002WiFi\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u5982RADAR\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Nibble\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001Weyes\u7cfb\u7edf\u7b49\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u30022012\u5e74\uff0cGoogle\u628aWiFi\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u5ba4\u5185\u5730\u56fe\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u8c37\u6b4c\u5730\u56fe\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5e74\u5185\u5df2\u7ecf\u8986\u76d6\u4e86\u5317\u7f8e\u548c\u6b27\u6d32\u4e00\u4e07\u5927\u5bb6\u5927\u578b\u573a\u9986\u3002\u6211\u56fd\u7684\u767e\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u5fb7\u3001\u56db\u7ef4\u3001\u667a\u6167\u56fe\u7b49\u516c\u53f8\u4e5f\u5728\u7814\u53d1WiFi\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002\u7531\u4e8eWiFi\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u666e\u53ca\uff0cWiFi\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u6bd4\u8f83\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u7c73\u7ea7\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u53f7\u6536\u53d1\u8303\u56f4\u5927\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u6027\u5f3a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u666e\u53ca\u63a8\u5e7f\u3002<\/p>\n 9\uff09\u8d85\u5bbd\u5e26\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/p>\n \u8d85\u5bbd\u5e26\uff08Ultra Wide Band\uff0cUWB\uff09\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u9001\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u6216\u7eb3\u79d2\u7ea7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u8d85\u7a84\u8109\u51b2\u6765\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97GHz\u7ea7\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e26\u5bbd\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d[15]\u3002Ubisense\u662fTDOA\u548cAOA\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6d4b\u8ddd\u8303\u56f4\u8fbe\u523050 m\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u53ef\u8fbe15 cm\u3002Zebra\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86Dart UWB\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8fbe\u523030 cm\uff0c\u6d4b\u8ddd\u8303\u56f4\u8fbe\u5230100 m[28]\u3002UWB\u96be\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u5927\u8303\u56f4\u5ba4\u5185\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u672c\u4e5f\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u8d85\u5bbd\u5e26\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n 10\uff09\u5176\u4ed6\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f<\/p>\n \u5149\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u8ba9LED\u706f\u5177\u53d1\u4e00\u5b9a\u89c4\u5f8b\u548c\u9891\u7387\u7684\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u7684\u6444\u50cf\u5934\u63a5\u6536\u8be5\u5149\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fdb\u884c\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u57281 m\u4e4b\u5185\uff0cBytelight\u662fLED\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u56fd\u5185\u7684\u534e\u7b56\u5149\u901a\u4fe1\u91c7\u7528LED\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86Ubeacon\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002ZigBee\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4e\u529f\u8017\u3001\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u3001\u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u65e0\u7ebf\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5de5\u4e1a\u4f20\u611f\u9886\u57df\u548c\u667a\u80fd\u5bb6\u5c45\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4f2a\u536b\u661f\u662f\u5728\u5730\u4e0b\u3001\u96a7\u9053\u53ca\u5ba4\u5185\u7b49\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u6536GPS\u536b\u661f\u4fe1\u53f7\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u5c04\u4e0eGPS\u8f68\u9053\u536b\u661f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u66ff\u4ee3GPS\u536b\u661f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u662f\u4ece\u590d\u6742\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u51c6\u786e\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u5feb\u901f\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u8ddf\u8e2a\u53ca\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3aMicrosoft\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u7684Easy Living\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5730\u78c1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u91c7\u7528\u8bc6\u522b\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5730\u78c1\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u78c1\u573a\u57fa\u51c6\u56fe\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u51c6\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u65e0\u9700\u4f9d\u8d56\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u786c\u4ef6\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u667a\u80fd\u624b\u673a\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u611f\u5e94\u5668\u5373\u53ef\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3a\u82ac\u5170\u5965\u5362\u5927\u5b66IndoorAtlas\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5df2\u7ecf\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fbe\u52300.1~2 m\u3002<\/p>\n 1.2 \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n \u5bf9\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5f52\u7eb3\u5176\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u6210\u672c\u548c\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\u89c1\u88681\u3002\u7ec4\u5408\/\u6df7\u5408\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\uff0c\u5982\u5c06GPS\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u60ef\u6027\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f\u3001\u57fa\u7ad9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u9053\u8def\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n 2 \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5206\u7c7b\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n 2.1 \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5206\u7c7b<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u5bf9\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7ed3\u6784\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002Hightower\u548cBorriello\u57282001\u5e74\u5c31\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u4f53\u7cfb\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6027\u80fd\u30022008\u5e74\uff0c\u5434\u96e8\u822a\u7b49\u4eba\u628a\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u4ece\u603b\u4f53\u4e0a\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u82e5\u5e72\u7c7b\uff0c\u5373GNSS \u6280\u672f\u3001\u65e0\u7ebf\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3001\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53caGNSS\u548c\u65e0\u7ebf\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7ec4\u5408\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3002\u674e\u6cf3\u6309\u7167\u901a\u4fe1\u624b\u6bb5\u548c\u6d4b\u91cf\u6280\u672f\u5bf9\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\u30022009\u5e74\uff0c\u6881\u5143\u8bda\u5bf9\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u611f\u77e5\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u53f7\u6d4b\u91cf\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u8f83\u4e3a\u5168\u9762\u5730\u5bf9\u73b0\u6709\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u540c\u5e74\uff0cSeco\u6839\u636e\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u628a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5206\u4e3a\u56db\u7c7b\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u51e0\u4f55\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u6210\u672c\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3001\u6307\u7eb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6280\u672f\u30022011\u5e74\uff0c\u5a04\u8def\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\u628a\u624b\u673a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u536b\u661f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3001\u57fa\u7ad9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u548c\u611f\u77e5\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002Mautz\u6839\u636e\u6280\u672f\u7279\u70b9\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5212\u5206\u4e3a13\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u5212\u5206\u4e86\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7c7b\u578b\u30022013\u5e74\uff0c\u66fe\u9f99\u57fa\u6309\u7167\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u6240\u501f\u52a9\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0d\u540c\u5bf9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u9093\u4e2d\u4eae\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u4f17\u591a\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u65b9\u6848\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u7c7b\uff1a\u2460A-GPS\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u624b\u673a\u57fa\u7ad9\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8f85\u52a9\u4f20\u7edfGPS\u536b\u661f\uff1b\u2461\u77ed\u8ddd\u65e0\u7ebf\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u8d85\u58f0\u6ce2\u3001\u7ea2\u5916\u7ebf\u3001ZigBee\u3001WiFi\u3001\u5c04\u9891\u65e0\u7ebf\u6807\u7b7e\u3001\u8d85\u5bbd\u5e26\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b49\uff1b\u2462\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u5730\u7403\u78c1\u573a\u3001\u5149\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b49\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u628a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5212\u5206\u4e3a\u5e7f\u57df\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5c40\u57df\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5e7f\u57df\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662f\u5317\u4eac\u90ae\u7535\u5927\u5b66\u7684TC-OFDM\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7684Locata\u6280\u672f\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ad8\u901a\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e7f\u57df\u7f51\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u5b9e\u73b0\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u5c40\u57df\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u662fWiFi\u3001\u84dd\u7259\u3001ZigBee\u3001RFID\u7b49\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5c40\u90e8\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5206\u7c7b\u6807\u51c6\u8fd8\u6709\u57fa\u4e8e\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u548c\u8ddd\u79bb\u65e0\u5173\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3001\u9012\u589e\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u548c\u5e76\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65e0\u4fe1\u6807\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u7b26\u53f7\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u3001\u7edd\u5bf9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u4ee5\u53ca\u96c6\u4e2d\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e0e\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7b49[38]\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6807\u51c6\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u5b8c\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n 2.2 \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n \u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ece\u539f\u7406\u4e0a\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u4e3a\uff1a\u90bb\u8fd1\u4fe1\u606f\u6cd5\u3001\u8d28\u5fc3\u6cd5\u3001\u6781\u70b9\u6cd5\u3001\u591a\u8fb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6cd5\u3001\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u548c\u822a\u4f4d\u63a8\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n 1\uff09\u90bb\u8fd1\u4fe1\u606f\u6cd5\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0Cell-ID\u6cd5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u4fe1\u53f7\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6709\u9650\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u5f85\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5426\u5728\u67d0\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u7684\u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u6982\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u8981\u6c42[48-50]\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n 2\uff09\u8d28\u5fc3\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4fe1\u53f7\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u77e5\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d28\u5fc3\u5750\u6807\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5f85\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6743\u91cd\u8d28\u5fc3\u5750\u6807\u3002\u8d28\u5fc3\u6cd5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u5c0f\uff0c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5df2\u77e5\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n 3\uff09\u6781\u70b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8ddd\u79bb\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u65b9\u4f4d\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f85\u6d4b\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u6781\u70b9\u6cd5\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u6839\u636e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\uff0c\u5728\u5927\u5730\u6d4b\u91cf\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/p>\n 4\uff09\u591a\u8fb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6d4b\u91cf\u5f85\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u5230\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6d4b\u8ddd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fbe\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\uff08TOA\uff09\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fbe\u5230\u65f6\u95f4\u5dee\uff08TDOA\uff09\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u4fe1\u53f7\u8fbe\u5230\u89d2\u5ea6\uff08AOA\uff09\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u53f7\u5f3a\u5ea6\u6307\u793a\uff08RSSI\uff09[51]\u3002<\/p>\n 5\uff09\u573a\u666f\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u53c8\u79f0\u4e3a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6307\u7eb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u5728\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u91c7\u96c6\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u7279\u5f81\u53c2\u6570\u5efa\u7acb\u6307\u7eb9\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5b9e\u9645\u63a5\u6536\u4fe1\u53f7\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u7279\u5f81\u53c2\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5bf9\u6bd4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u5f85\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u6307\u7eb9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6240\u9700\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6d4b\u91cf\u70b9\u5c11\uff0c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7cbe\u5ea6\u9ad8\uff1b\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u524d\u671f\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u5316\u592a\u5927\u7684\u533a\u57df[52]\u3002<\/p>\n 6\uff09\u822a\u4f4d\u63a8\u7b97\u662f\u6839\u636e\u9884\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u4f30\u8ba1\u6216\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5728\u60ef\u6027\u5bfc\u822a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8bef\u5dee\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u800c\u7d2f\u79ef\u3002\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u4e2d\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u884c\u4eba\u822a\u8ff9\u63a8\u7b97\uff0cPDR\u6280\u672f\u901a\u8fc7\u60ef\u6027\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u68c0\u6d4b\u4eba\u884c\u8d70\u7684\u6b65\u957f\u3001\u6b65\u6570\u548c\u884c\u8d70\u65b9\u5411\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u4e3b\u8981\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u7eb3\u4e0e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u89c1\u88682\u3002<\/p>\n 3 \u5ba4\u5185\u5916\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5e94\u7528<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5ef6\u7eed\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u5185\u6295\u5165\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5e76\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5c06\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4f1a\u6210\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u53ef\u7f3a\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/p>\n 3.1 \u5ba4\u5185\u4f4d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u4f4d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5927\u578b\u5546\u573a\u3001\u7535\u5f71\u9662\u3001\u5c55\u9986\u3001\u673a\u573a\u7b49\u5ba4\u5185\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bfb\u9e7f[54]\u3001\u4e07\u6c47[54]\u7b49\u5ba4\u5185\u4f4d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5e94\u7528\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e0d\u65ad\u6d8c\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u5ba4\u5185\u5bfc\u822a\u3001\u5468\u8fb9\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u5ba4\u5185\u5bfb\u8f66\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u793e\u4ea4\u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u5728\u5e03\u5c40\u6bd4\u8f83\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5927\u578b\u8d85\u5e02\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u80fd\u591f\u67e5\u627e\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u5468\u8fb9\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u786e\u5b9a\u884c\u8fdb\u7ebf\u8def\u65b9\u4fbf\u8d2d\u7269\uff0c\u8d85\u5e02\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u4f4d\u7f6e\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u5546\u54c1\u63a8\u8350\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u641c\u7d22\u670d\u52a1\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n 3.2 \u516c\u5171\u5b89\u5168<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5bf9\u884c\u653f\u6267\u6cd5\u3001\u5e94\u6025\u6551\u63f4\u4e0e\u6d88\u9632\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u706b\u707e\u7b49\u5e94\u6025\u6551\u63f4\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u53d6\u6d88\u9632\u5458\u3001\u5f85\u6551\u63f4\u4eba\u5458\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u80fd\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u4fdd\u969c\u6d88\u9632\u5458\u548c\u53d7\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u5b89\u5168\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u5c55\u5f00<\/p>\n 3.3 \u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc<\/p>\n \u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u5b83\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5bf9\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u83b7\u5f97\u3001\u601d\u8003\u548c\u751f\u6d3b\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f4e\u4f30\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u65e0\u5904\u4e0d\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u793e\u4ea4\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5728\u5360\u4eba\u4eec\u751f\u6d3b\u65f6\u95f480%\u5de6\u53f3\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u80fd\u628a\u670b\u53cb\u4e0e\u6d3b\u52a8\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n 3.4 \u667a\u80fd\u4ea4\u901a<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u652f\u6491\u4e86\u5ba4\u5185\u5916\u65e0\u7f1d\u5bfc\u822a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4e3a\u8f66\u8f86\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4ece\u9053\u8def\u5230\u505c\u8f66\u573a\u7684\u5168\u7a0b\u5bfc\u822a\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u5ba4\u5185\u505c\u8f66\u573a\u5185\u5373\u53ef\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bfc\u822a\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u3002\u5ba4\u5185\u505c\u8f66\u573a\u7684\u5bfb\u8f66\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u5927\u578b\u590d\u6742\u5730\u4e0b\u505c\u8f66\u573a\u5bfb\u8f66\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n 3.5 \u5b89\u5168\u533b\u7597<\/p>\n \u5728\u533b\u9662\uff0c\u5bf9\u533b\u52a1\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u75c5\u4eba\u8fdb\u884c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e5f\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u805a\u7f8e\u7269\u8054[56]\u5728\u534e\u5c71\u533b\u9662\u5b9e\u73b0\u5a74\u513f\u9632\u76d7\uff0c\u829c\u6e56\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u6c11\u533b\u9662\u5b9e\u73b0\u79fb\u52a8\u533b\u7597\u8bbe\u5907\u5b9a\u4f4d\uff0c\u9547\u6c5f\u7b2c\u56db\u4eba\u6c11\u533b\u9662\u5b9e\u73b0\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u6885\u5965\u8bca\u6240\u548c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u513f\u7ae5\u533b\u9662\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u4e86\u60a3\u8005\u5bfc\u533b\u8bd5\u70b9\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u5728\u6302\u53f7\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0b\u8f7d\u533b\u9662\u7684\u5bfc\u822a\u5e94\u7528\u4e4b\u540e\u80fd\u591f\u8f7b\u677e\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u79d1\u5ba4\u3001\u75c5\u623f\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u67e5\u8be2\u5f53\u524d\u5c31\u8bca\u6392\u961f\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee\u5065\u5eb7\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5c31\u8bca\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u70b9\u8bc4\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u9192\u7b49 \u3002<\/p>\n 3.6 \u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e0e\u5206\u6790<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u4f4d\u7f6e\u8ddf\u8e2a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u969c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u5730\u4e0b\u77ff\u4e95\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u77ff\u5185\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e8b\u6545\u65f6\uff0c\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u786e\u5b9a\u53d7\u56f0\u4eba\u5458\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u4fbf\u53ca\u65f6\u8fdb\u884c\u6551\u52a9\u3002\u5728\u4ed3\u50a8\u7269\u6d41\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u4f01\u4e1a\u5bf9\u7269\u8d44\u8fdb\u884c\u6709\u6548\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u5b9e\u65f6\u76d1\u63a7\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0e\u52a8\u5411\u3002\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u5728\u5546\u573a\u7684\u505c\u7559\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7b49\u884c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u5e7f\u544a\u5546\u5206\u6790\u7528\u6237\u7684\u6d88\u8d39\u4e60\u60ef\u548c\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u66f4\u52a0\u7cbe\u51c6\u7684\u5e7f\u544a\u3002<\/p>\n 4 \u7ed3\u675f\u8bed<\/p>\n \u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u5904\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u70ed\u95e8\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u826f\u597d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5728\u5206\u6790\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u8be6\u7ec6\u9610\u8ff0\u4e86\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u4ecd\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5404\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u666e\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5b58\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u96be\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n 1\uff09\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u5ba4\u5185\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e03\u5c40\u590d\u6742\u591a\u53d8\uff0c\u969c\u788d\u7269\u591a\uff0c\u5e72\u6270\u6e90\u591a\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u5bf9\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5927\uff1b<\/p>\n 2\uff09\u672a\u77e5\u73af\u5883\u5b9a\u4f4d\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u5927\u591a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5ba4\u5185\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u5ba4\u5185\u73af\u5883\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9020\u6210\u5b9a\u4f4d\u56f0\u96be\uff1b<\/p>\n 3\uff09\u80fd\u8017\u4e0e\u6210\u672c\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u6210\u672c\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u8f83\u5dee\uff0c\u80fd\u8017\u8f83\u5927\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5ba4\u5185\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff1b<\/p>\n 4\uff09\u5b9a\u4f4d\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4\u4e0d\u591f\u5e7f\uff0c\u5e7f\u57df\u5ba4\u5185\u5916\u65e0\u7f1d\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u6682\u672a\u6210\u719f\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5404\u79cd\u5b9a\u4f4d\u6280\u672f\u4e4b\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u901a\u7528\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/p>\n 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